When preparing acid solutions, use deionized or distilled water, and prepare these reagents in a chemical hood using appropriate protective gear. Always add acid to water. Discard any reagent that shows evidence of contamination, precipitation, or discoloration.
Acid/base | Molecular weight | % by weight | Molarity (approximate) | Specific gravity | 1 M solution |
| Acetic acid (glacial) | 60.05 | 99.6 | 17.4 | 1.05 | 57.5 |
| Ammonium hydroxide | 35.0 | 28 | 14.8 | 0.90 | 67.6 |
| Formic acid | 46.03 | 90 | 23.6 | 1.205 | 42.4 |
| Hydrochloric acid | 36.46 | 98 | 25.9 | 1.22 | 38.5 |
| Nitric acid | 63.01 | 36 | 11.6 | 1.18 | 85.9 |
| Perchloric acid | 100.46 | 70 | 15.7 | 1.42 | 63.7 |
| Phosphoric acid | 98.00 | 60 | 9.2 | 1.54 | 108.8 |
| Sulfuric acid | 98.07 | 72 | 12.2 | 1.70 | 82.1 |
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